Short answer: topical glycolic acid is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy at the low concentrations found in over-the-counter products. This reflects guidance informed by dermatology and obstetric authorities, who note that very little is absorbed through the skin. The main cautions are avoiding strong professional peels and checking with your own provider first.
Glycolic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) used to gently exfoliate the skin. It appears in cleansers, toners, serums, and peels to smooth texture, brighten, and help with acne or dark spots. In everyday over-the-counter products it is typically used at concentrations of 10% or less.
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) lists over-the-counter glycolic acid among ingredients considered safe in pregnancy, and dermatology sources (including AAD guidance on pregnancy skincare) treat low-strength topical AHAs as low-concern. The reasoning is that only a minimal amount is absorbed into the bloodstream from topical use. This is a different situation from oral medications, where more of a substance reaches the baby.
Keep to over-the-counter products, ideally 10% or lower, and skip strong in-office glycolic peels until after birth, as higher-concentration professional treatments are generally advised against during pregnancy. AHAs can cause stinging or irritation, and pregnancy makes skin more prone to dark spots, so daily sunscreen matters. If you'd prefer well-studied alternatives, ACOG also points to azelaic acid and low-dose topical products for common pregnancy skin concerns.